Does converting to JPG lose quality?

Yes, JPG always compresses lossily. Raise the quality and the loss becomes invisible, at the cost of a bigger file. If you need every pixel intact, use PNG, or tick lossless on WEBP.

What happens to transparency when I convert to JPG?

JPG stores no transparency, so transparent areas are filled with a solid colour. If you pick none, they're filled with white.

Why won't my HEIC open on Windows?

Because HEIC needs a codec Windows doesn't ship with. Converting to JPG or PNG fixes it on any machine.

What sizes does a favicon need?

16, 32 and 48 pixels cover desktop browsers, and adding 256 covers high-density screens. They all fit in the same ICO file.

Can an image be converted to SVG?

Not by converting. An SVG describes shapes, not pixels, so the image has to be vectorised: that works well for logos and silhouettes, and badly for photographs.

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PNG, JPG, WEBP, HEIC, AVIF, JXL, GIF, BMP, TIFF and SVG · up to 20 MB

Which format to use, and when

No format is best overall; one is right for each destination. PNG keeps every pixel and its transparency, which is what you want for logos, screenshots and anything with text or hard edges. JPG compresses lossily and stores no transparency, but it's still the format everyone can open without thinking.

WEBP and AVIF are the modern web formats: much smaller than a JPG of comparable quality, and both support transparency. AVIF compresses harder than WEBP in exchange for taking longer to encode. HEIC is what your iPhone produces by default, and it's worth converting to JPG or PNG before sending it to someone outside the Apple world.

JXL aims to replace JPG in the long run and compresses better without losing anything, but not every program opens it yet. ICO is a different animal: not a photo format but an icon one, holding several resolutions inside a single file, which is exactly what a favicon needs.

GIF, BMP, TIFF and SVG can be read but not produced. Turning a photo into an SVG would mean vectorising it — reinterpreting the image as curves — rather than converting it.

Common questions

Does converting to JPG lose quality?: Yes, JPG always compresses lossily. Raise the quality and the loss becomes invisible, at the cost of a bigger file. If you need every pixel intact, use PNG, or tick lossless on WEBP.
What happens to transparency when I convert to JPG?: JPG stores no transparency, so transparent areas are filled with a solid colour. If you pick none, they're filled with white.
Why won't my HEIC open on Windows?: Because HEIC needs a codec Windows doesn't ship with. Converting to JPG or PNG fixes it on any machine.
What sizes does a favicon need?: 16, 32 and 48 pixels cover desktop browsers, and adding 256 covers high-density screens. They all fit in the same ICO file.
Can an image be converted to SVG?: Not by converting. An SVG describes shapes, not pixels, so the image has to be vectorised: that works well for logos and silhouettes, and badly for photographs.